Free Calculator Updated May 2026 Educational Only

Investment Growth Calculator

Project your personal investment portfolio’s total value over time. Break results into invested capital, simple interest, compound interest and year by year growth. For project or marketing ROI use a business calculator instead.

Quick Answer

How do I calculate return on investment?

Return on investment equals the ending value minus the cost, divided by the cost, then expressed as a percentage. An investment bought for $5,000 and sold for $6,500 makes $1,500, which is an ROI of 30%. The free StockEducation ROI Calculator works out net profit and percentage return from the amount invested and the ending value or sale proceeds, including costs you enter. ROI does not consider time. A 30% return over eight months and a 30% return over eight years look identical in ROI, so compare CAGR when holding periods differ.

Reviewed by Charles Lo — Academic Reviewer Last reviewed
📊Capital + Interest Split 📈Simple vs Compound 📅Year by Year 💵Total Return %
Dr. Charles Lo
Dr. Charles Lo, CPA, PhD Part-Time Educator at the University of Sydney · Formerly at Charles Sturt University · Now at Wentworth Institute 🔗 LinkedIn
Last reviewed 19 May 2026 Reviewed annually
Formula shown ROI = (Final – Invested) / Invested
Free, educational Not financial advice
↓ INVESTMENT GROWTH CALCULATOR ↓
↓ Investment Growth Calculator ↓

Your Investment Details

Enter your time period, return rate, starting amount, and contributions to project your total value.

How many years you plan to stay invested.
Your expected annual rate of return. Enter 7 for 7%.
The lump sum you are investing at the start.
The amount you add each period. Set to 0 for none.
How often you make your regular contribution.
Total Investment Fund After 10 Years

$—

Enter your numbers and click Calculate.
Invested Capital$—
Simple Interest$—
Compound Interest$—
Annual Investment Returns
Invested Capital $— Simple Interest $— Compound Interest $—

ROI Summary

MetricValueNotes
Total After Period$—Future value of initial plus contributions
Invested Capital$—Initial plus all contributions
Simple Interest$—Initial investment × annual rate × years
Compound Interest$—Total minus invested capital minus simple interest

Year-by-Year Breakdown

Year Total Value Invested Capital Simple Interest Compound Interest

Important calculator disclosure

General education only — check the assumptions before using the result.

Purpose: This calculator is a general educational tool that performs a numerical calculation from the values you enter. It does not recommend, advertise or promote a specific financial product.

Assumptions: The calculation uses the input values and assumptions displayed in the calculator. Default values are illustrative starting points, not forecasts. Change each non-statutory assumption so it matches the scenario you want to test.

Limitations: Actual market returns, prices, dividends, interest rates, fees, tax, inflation and timing may differ from the assumptions. The calculator may omit factors relevant to you. Small input changes can materially change the result, so the output is an illustration rather than a prediction.

This financial calculator is not intended to be relied on for the purposes of making a decision in relation to a financial product. You should consider obtaining advice from a financial services licensee before making any financial decisions.

You can print this page or save it electronically using your browser controls. See ASIC Instrument 2026/41 for the conditions applying to generic financial calculators.

Educational content only. Projections assume a constant annual return and do not account for taxes, fees, inflation, or variable market returns. Use this as a planning guide, not a guaranteed forecast.

A $100,000 initial investment plus $1,000 monthly at 7% over 10 years grows to about $374,051, of which $220,000 is your invested capital and $154,051 is investment gains. The investment growth calculator separates total return into invested capital, simple interest and compound interest so you can see exactly where the growth came from.

📐 Learn the math See the formula and assumptions 📊 See worked examples Verified scenarios with real numbers 💰 Compound Interest Calculator Forward projection focus

How to use the investment growth calculator

Decompose total return into simple interest, compound interest and contributions.

1

Enter initial investment and rate

Starting capital and expected annual return rate.

2

Set contribution and frequency

Optional regular contribution amount and how often (monthly, quarterly, yearly).

3

Read the decomposed ROI result

The result shows Total Investment Fund, Invested Capital, Simple Interest and Compound Interest cards, an Annual Investment Returns chart, a Summary table, and a Year-by-Year Breakdown. The compound portion is the value of reinvestment — the longer the horizon, the larger that slice becomes versus the simple interest slice.

Walkthrough chapters

A four-stage written walkthrough — the chapters a video would cover, available now in text.

How to use the Investment Growth Calculator

Four chapters covering inputs, outputs and the common mistakes to avoid.

0:00 Initial investment and rate 1:15 Adding contributions 2:30 Simple vs compound split 3:15 Year by year reading

4 min watch. Auto captions available. Walkthrough chapters listed above.

Why use this investment growth calculator

Specific outcomes, not generic claims.

📊

See where return came from

Most calculators show one number. ROI splits it into capital, simple interest and compound interest so you can see what each component contributed.

🔍

Quantify compounding

The compound interest portion is the value of reinvestment. For long horizons it dominates; for short horizons it is marginal.

📅

Year by year breakdown

See the trajectory, not just the endpoint. Useful for planning withdrawals or projecting milestones.

The math behind the projection

Most calculators hide the formula. We show it because understanding the math is the point.

📐 Formula

Future value with regular contributions, decomposed into invested capital, simple interest and compound interest.

Total = P(1+r)n + PMT × [((1+r)n−1)/r] · ROI% = (Total − Invested) / Invested × 100
Total final portfolio value · P initial investment · r annual return rate · n number of years · PMT annual contribution · Invested initial plus all contributions
Total ROI percentage is gain divided by invested capital. The simple interest portion is what you would earn without reinvestment. The compound interest portion is the value of letting earnings earn their own returns, which grows substantially with time.

What this calculator assumes vs reality

The projection is a mathematical model, not a forecast. Six assumptions baked into the math, plus what real outcomes look like.

⚠️ Six assumptions to know about

Each card pairs an assumption the calculator makes with what real world investing actually looks like.

Constant return rate

Reality: Real returns vary year to year. The smooth projection is an average, not a sequence.

Contributions invested immediately

Reality: Real contributions face settlement delays of 1 to 3 days, marginal impact.

No tax

Reality: Taxable account returns are reduced by tax on dividends and capital gains.

No fees

Reality: Fund expense ratios and platform fees compound to material drag over long horizons.

Simple/compound split is conceptual

Reality: Real investments compound from day one; the split is an educational decomposition.

No inflation adjustment

Reality: The result is in nominal dollars. Subtract inflation for real ROI.

Net effect on long run outcomes: ROI as calculated is gross of fees and tax. After 1% fees and 20% effective tax on gains, real ROI is typically 1.5 to 2 percentage points lower than the gross figure. Use this as a planning estimate, not an after tax forecast.

How small input changes shift the result

Same base scenario, one variable changed at a time. The projection is highly sensitive to small changes.

Scenario Period Rate Final value vs base
5 years at 7%5y7%$213,355 (+33.3%)Short
10 years at 7%10y7%$374,051 (+70.0%)Base
15 years at 7%15y7%$601,857 (+114.9%)+61%
20 years at 7%20y7%$924,801 (+172.0%)+147%
10 years at 4%10y4%$296,333 (+34.7%)-21%
10 years at 10%10y10%$475,549 (+116.2%)+27%
The pattern: ROI percentage grows non linearly with time. Doubling the horizon from 10 to 20 years roughly doubles the absolute outcome but turns 70% return into 172% return. This is the compounding effect made visible. Higher rates also boost ROI, but the time effect dominates for typical investment horizons.

Typical ROI ranges by asset class

The calculator assumes a smooth return every year. Here is how that compares to verified historical data.

Source Average annual return Outcome
US large cap equity 10 year~10% CAGR nominalRoughly 160% total ROI over 10 years
US large cap equity 20 year~10% CAGR nominalRoughly 570% total ROI over 20 years
Investment grade bonds 10 year~4 to 5% CAGR nominalRoughly 50 to 65% total ROI over 10 years
60/40 balanced portfolio 10 year~7 to 8% CAGR nominalRoughly 95 to 115% total ROI over 10 years
Cash and short bonds 10 year~3 to 4% CAGR nominalRoughly 35 to 50% total ROI over 10 years
The key insight: ROI numbers look large over long horizons because they accumulate the entire return history. A 70% 10 year ROI translates to a 5.5% CAGR, which is much more comparable across investments. Always check both the total ROI and the annualised rate before drawing conclusions about which investment outperformed.

Investment growth projections, ROI and CAGR

Written by Dr. Charles Lo, Associate Professor, CPA. Reviewed annually.

This tool projects future investment growth with monthly compounding. It is not a classic transaction ROI calculator. Classic ROI measures total gain relative to cost: (ending value − cost) ÷ cost. The tool also reports total return percentage by comparing projected gains with all capital contributed.

ROI percentage is most useful when compared with the annualised CAGR for the same investment. A 70% ROI over 10 years is the same investment quality as a 70% ROI over 5 years only in absolute dollar terms; on an annualised basis the second is dramatically better.

Splitting total return into simple interest and compound interest is a useful educational decomposition. Simple interest is what you would earn without reinvestment. Compound interest is the value of letting earnings earn their own returns. For long horizons compound interest typically exceeds simple interest by a meaningful margin.

How to set your assumed return rate

Use historical average return for your asset class. For diversified equity, 7 to 10% nominal is defensible. For bonds, 4 to 5%. For balanced portfolios, 6 to 7%.

Subtract fees (typically 0.05% to 1% per year for funds and ETFs) from your assumed gross rate to get a net rate for planning.

Common mistakes

  • Comparing ROIs over different periods. Always convert to CAGR for fair comparison.
  • Forgetting fees and tax. Net ROI is materially lower than gross for taxable accounts.
  • Using nominal for long horizon planning. 30 year nominal ROI of 600% is roughly 230% real after inflation.
  • Confusing total return with annualised. Total ROI grows with time; CAGR is rate per year.
  • Ignoring contribution timing. Money invested early earns more compounding than late contributions.
  • Using gross rate without considering fees. A 1% fee compounds to a 20% lower wealth over 30 years.

How to interpret your result

Read four numbers: total value, invested capital, simple interest portion, compound interest portion. The compound portion tells you how much the reinvestment of earnings added beyond what simple interest would deliver.

Compare total ROI percentage against a benchmark for the same period. If your 10 year ROI is materially below the S&P 500’s 10 year return, you have either chosen a weaker investment or paid too much in fees.

Worked examples

Real numbers calculated from the same formula as the live tool. Every figure below is verified, not approximated.

Base case 10 year hold

$100k initial, $1k monthly, 7% return, 10 years

A typical multi year investor with steady contributions on a diversified portfolio.

Result: Total $374,051. Invested capital $220,000. Total return 70.0%. CAGR roughly 5.5%.

Short term 5 year hold

Same inputs, 5 years instead of 10

Halving the time horizon to see how much compounding adds in the second half.

Result: Total $213,355. Invested capital $160,000. Total return 33.3%. The second 5 years roughly doubles the absolute gain.

Long term 20 year hold

Same inputs, 20 years

Full career length hold to demonstrate the compounding effect on long horizons.

Result: Total $924,801. Invested capital $340,000. Total return 172.0%. Most of the gain comes from the compound interest portion.

Conservative 4% return

$100k initial, $1k monthly, 4% return, 10 years

Bond heavy or cash heavy portfolio with much lower expected return.

Result: Total $296,333. Total return 34.7%. The return is roughly half the 7% case despite the same time and contributions.

Aggressive 10% return

$100k initial, $1k monthly, 10% return, 10 years

Optimistic equity heavy portfolio modelling the best case of long run equity returns.

Result: Total $475,549. Total return 116.2%. Higher rate substantially boosts compounding’s contribution.

Frequently asked questions

The questions users most often ask about calculator output.

Is the Investment Growth Calculator free?

Yes. Free to use, no signup. Your inputs are not stored or shared.

What is the difference between ROI and CAGR?

ROI is total percentage gain over the entire holding period. CAGR is the annualised rate. A 70% ROI over 10 years is a 5.5% CAGR. Use ROI for total view, CAGR for fair comparison across periods.

What return rate should I use?

Match to portfolio mix: 7 to 10% nominal for equity heavy, 5 to 6% for 60/40, 4 to 5% for bond heavy. Lower if you want margin of safety.

What is the simple vs compound split?

Simple interest is what you would earn without reinvestment. Compound interest is the additional return from letting earnings earn their own returns. For long horizons compound interest is the bigger portion.

Does this include taxes?

No. Use a gross return assumption. For taxable accounts, real after tax ROI is typically 1.5 to 2 percentage points lower than the gross figure shown.

Should I include inflation?

The calculator shows nominal ROI. For real ROI, use a real return rate (nominal minus inflation) or divide nominal result by cumulative inflation.

How is this different from compound interest calculator?

Both use the same math. ROI focuses on the return decomposition (capital vs interest). Compound interest focuses on the year by year balance growth.

What about negative ROI?

The calculator assumes positive returns. For investments that lost money, the ROI is negative (gain is below zero) and the simple/compound split does not apply.

Related calculators

Other tools for different parts of your financial picture.

Footnotes

  1. Long run US large cap equity nominal CAGR of approximately 10% is sourced from the NYU Stern historical equity returns dataset since 1928. Total ROI figures derived directly from CAGR over the relevant period using compound math. pages.stern.nyu.edu
  2. The split between simple interest and compound interest is an educational decomposition. Real investments compound from day one; the calculator separates these conceptually to show the marginal value of reinvestment over different time horizons.
  3. Total ROI vs CAGR distinction is foundational in performance measurement. CFA Institute curriculum materials provide formal treatment of time weighted vs money weighted returns. cfainstitute.org

Sources and methodology

The calculator uses the standard future value of annuity formula with return decomposition. Historical asset class returns referenced from NYU Stern and similar primary sources.

  • NYU Stern School of Business, Aswath Damodaran historical equity and bond returns dataset, pages.stern.nyu.edu.
  • U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Investor.gov primer on return calculations, sec.gov.
  • CFA Institute Research Foundation, performance measurement methodology, cfainstitute.org.
  • Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, FRED database for inflation and interest rate context, fred.stlouisfed.org.
  • Morningstar, return calculation methodology for funds, morningstar.com.

Educational use only

This calculator is provided for general educational purposes only. It does not constitute financial product advice. Past performance and assumed return rates are not a reliable indicator of future results. Consult a licensed financial adviser before relying on this for material financial decisions.

What this calculator does not do

  • It assumes constant return each year, while real returns are volatile.
  • It does not account for tax on dividends, interest or capital gains.
  • It does not factor in fund expense ratios, platform fees or brokerage costs.
  • It does not adjust for inflation unless you enter a real return rate.
  • It does not handle irregular contributions or withdrawals during the period.
  • It does not run Monte Carlo simulations or model sequence of returns risk.

Know the math. Use it with confidence.

This calculator gives you the number. Our free courses teach you the why behind the math, the assumptions to question, and how to apply it to your own portfolio.

  • Plain English explanations from a CPA and university lecturer
  • Worked case studies using real index data
  • Quizzes and downloadable worksheets
Start the free course
Free signup. No credit card required.

Calculate your investment ROI

Enter time period, return rate, initial investment and contributions. See total value, invested capital, simple and compound interest broken out separately.

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